Russia 1. What was the Decemberist uprising? What were its causes and effects? Decemberist uprising is the rebellion of Western based army officers in 1825. This uprising was inspired by new tsar Nicholas I. The uprising was because of the growing culture in trying to use liberal or radical values. It results in secret police expanded. Public areas like schools were small and high supervised. Political changes were being made due to this uprising.
2. What were the weaknesses of the Russian economy?
increase of exports but with similar work ethics of using serfs
Russia continue to maintain a agricultural society with serfs
Russia create knock offs of Europeans machineries in isolated factories
military does not strong enough to protect against outside attack attacks
3. What caused the Crimean War? what were its major efects?
Crimean War: (1854-1917) what the attempt to attack Ottoman Empire by the Russians. However because of the industrial disadvantage they lost due to France and British joining in the war. In result it lead to Alexander II to change to keep in pace with the advancements. Also this is the time when serfdom was ended in 1789.
4. Why were serfs emancipated? how did their emancipation differ from the emancipation of slaves in the U.S.? What changes did it create?
Serfs were emancipated with the freeing of the serfs. Serfs were given land however the money for the land must be paid up before one can be free.
Emancipation was use to have a tight grip on the tsarist state. People were stilled tie to land and must work it off to be free.
Changes it create was that it create a larger urban labor force. Population was growing as well as the use of potatoes.
5 What were the Zemstvoes? How successful were they?
Zemstvoes: local political councils where they regulated local public works however the local government was also use to control the peasants. The councils gave the middle class the permission to take questions up into local problems. Zemstvoes have no influences to national policies.
6. What was the significance of the Trans-Siberian railroad?
stimulated mining with iron and coal; as well as trading with West
railroad connected Russia with Asia
Growth of urban class increase
7. What economic reforms were enaced by Sergei Witte
enforce high tariffs to protect new industry
banking system improves; encouraged the buildings of factories
Russia became fourth in the world in production of steel
8. What were the signs that Russia was headed to revolution? (think about - intelligentsia, anarchists, Marxists, Bolsheviks.)
famines were a continuous sign; peasants were stuck with terrible conditions
the increase of education got people to see that Russia's advances was just too slow; intelligentsia: russian word that intellectuals were put into one class
anarchists - people who believe that the government should be abolished => violent movements =>terrorist movements. bombings, assassinations
people were leavings the countries, mainly Russians Jews because of minorities persecutions
Alexander II assassinated in a terrorists
Marxist leadesr - Vladimir IIyich Ulyanov ; argued the idea of capitalism and created an advance industrializations
Bolsheviks: group of Russian Marxists that was a majority party to "improve Russian conditions"
working class anger from peasant griefs
Japan: Transformation without Revolution 1. Explain major developments in Japan in the early 1800's
expanded education to the lower class; more than 40% of men and over 15% percent of women became literate
Japanese became open to foreign ideas when they took up learning about the Dutch to deal with traders
Japanese began studying science and went against the use of Chinese medicine
Commerce was growing even know the nation did not have a sufficient amount of materials to trade with; Monopolies did grow
2. What effect did the actions of Commodore Perry have on Japan? (include details on Samurai discontent)
Commodore Perry went Edo Bay and use bomb trades so Americans can trade with them
It cause the US to be active in Japanese commerce
Because the Westerners living in Japan have control over the law, not the Japanese law under control
Daimyos who were conservative were seen as the "status quo" and oppose this idea; strictly believe in isolation
this began the sammerai attacks include a murder of a British official
3. List the actions taken by the Meiji State
this was a reform group by the samurai
the leaders took down the troops of the shogunate
created a state of power and expanded => effected economic and social structure
feudal lord Iwasaki Yataro set up railroad and steam line contracts to compete with the British
the former samurai organize political parties, operated similarly to the British
Diet: rights are given to emperor along with limited Powers for the lower house
The diet passes laws but the parliament could not control it
Meiji advisors are now working wit the imperial rule allowing them representation in the government
4. Explain how Japan Industrialized - (Private and government roles) The Japanese created a stronger government. In Japan now, the nation created new government banks that would be able to fund trade. Also railroads and being built across the country, connecting people to each part of the nation. Trade within the region became easier and more possible. Land reform also make it possible for farms to expand production. 5. List ways that Industrialization changed Japan
Economy increasing; Japanese becomes more open to the outside world
factories, shipyards and being put in place as well as banks, post offices, and laws regulating trade
people are starting to take up the business world; rags -> riches
population becomes more steady
education is growing for all classes
Western styles were being taken up; the Japanese shaved their head of hair
6. What division within Japanese society were created by modernization? The division within Japanese society created by modernization what the split between the people who wanted to be isolated and the people were wanted to expand. Some people were more interested in the Western styles while others still hold onto the old traditions.
Russia
1. What was the Decemberist uprising? What were its causes and effects?
Decemberist uprising is the rebellion of Western based army officers in 1825. This uprising was inspired by new tsar Nicholas I. The uprising was because of the growing culture in trying to use liberal or radical values. It results in secret police expanded. Public areas like schools were small and high supervised. Political changes were being made due to this uprising.
2. What were the weaknesses of the Russian economy?
3. What caused the Crimean War? what were its major efects?
4. Why were serfs emancipated? how did their emancipation differ from the emancipation of slaves in the U.S.? What changes did it create?
- Serfs were emancipated with the freeing of the serfs. Serfs were given land however the money for the land must be paid up before one can be free.
- Emancipation was use to have a tight grip on the tsarist state. People were stilled tie to land and must work it off to be free.
- Changes it create was that it create a larger urban labor force. Population was growing as well as the use of potatoes.
5 What were the Zemstvoes? How successful were they?- Zemstvoes: local political councils where they regulated local public works however the local government was also use to control the peasants. The councils gave the middle class the permission to take questions up into local problems. Zemstvoes have no influences to national policies.
6. What was the significance of the Trans-Siberian railroad?- stimulated mining with iron and coal; as well as trading with West
- railroad connected Russia with Asia
- Growth of urban class increase
7. What economic reforms were enaced by Sergei Witte8. What were the signs that Russia was headed to revolution? (think about - intelligentsia, anarchists, Marxists, Bolsheviks.)
Japan: Transformation without Revolution
1. Explain major developments in Japan in the early 1800's
- expanded education to the lower class; more than 40% of men and over 15% percent of women became literate
- Japanese became open to foreign ideas when they took up learning about the Dutch to deal with traders
- Japanese began studying science and went against the use of Chinese medicine
- Commerce was growing even know the nation did not have a sufficient amount of materials to trade with; Monopolies did grow
2. What effect did the actions of Commodore Perry have on Japan? (include details on Samurai discontent)- Commodore Perry went Edo Bay and use bomb trades so Americans can trade with them
- It cause the US to be active in Japanese commerce
- Because the Westerners living in Japan have control over the law, not the Japanese law under control
- Daimyos who were conservative were seen as the "status quo" and oppose this idea; strictly believe in isolation
- this began the sammerai attacks include a murder of a British official
3. List the actions taken by the Meiji State- this was a reform group by the samurai
- the leaders took down the troops of the shogunate
- created a state of power and expanded => effected economic and social structure
- feudal lord Iwasaki Yataro set up railroad and steam line contracts to compete with the British
- the former samurai organize political parties, operated similarly to the British
- Diet: rights are given to emperor along with limited Powers for the lower house
- The diet passes laws but the parliament could not control it
- Meiji advisors are now working wit the imperial rule allowing them representation in the government
4. Explain how Japan Industrialized - (Private and government roles)The Japanese created a stronger government. In Japan now, the nation created new government banks that would be able to fund trade. Also railroads and being built across the country, connecting people to each part of the nation. Trade within the region became easier and more possible. Land reform also make it possible for farms to expand production.
5. List ways that Industrialization changed Japan
- Economy increasing; Japanese becomes more open to the outside world
- factories, shipyards and being put in place as well as banks, post offices, and laws regulating trade
- people are starting to take up the business world; rags -> riches
- population becomes more steady
- education is growing for all classes
- Western styles were being taken up; the Japanese shaved their head of hair
6. What division within Japanese society were created by modernization?The division within Japanese society created by modernization what the split between the people who wanted to be isolated and the people were wanted to expand. Some people were more interested in the Western styles while others still hold onto the old traditions.